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Capacitive touch screens are control displays that use the electrical properties of the human body as input. When a finger (or a specialized input device such as a stylus) comes into contact with the display, it detects when and where the user touches it on the display. Therefore, capacitive displays can receive accurate input with a very light touch.

There are two key types of capacitive touchscreen technology – projected and surface. Surface capacitance is the more basic of the two technologies, where only one side of the insulator is coated with a conductive layer. In contrast, projected capacitance utilizes a matrix of rows and columns of conductive material on one or two layers. This grid pattern enables excellent accuracy and multi-touch capabilities.

Capacitive touchscreens are made of a thin layer of conductive material, such as copper or indium tin oxide (ITO), printed on the underside of the display’s insulating outer layer. When a finger touches the screen, a small amount of charge is attracted to the point of contact, which effectively becomes a functioning capacitor. The resulting change in the electrostatic field is then measured to pinpoint where the contact occurred.